This is a great question. It’s one of those questions that frequently goes unasked — many art publications and galleries seem to assume that we all know, or should know, the answer to such as “simple” question. Unfortunately, there is no single correct answer, In fact, if you pick up an art history book, trawl around the online art world or ask an art museum curator for an answer you probably will get a dozen or so responses, some broad, some overly narrow. So, here are the most common definitions.
1. Contemporary art refers to any art that is created during our lifetimes.
This is a straightforward and simple definition. However, if you take in to account the age of the world’s oldest living person — and I hope you’re one of my readers — at around 115 years, this would push the beginnings of contemporary art to the 1890s.
2. Contemporary art is any art created by a living artist, or a recently departed one.
Again, a simple and understandable definition. But, again, it’s rather arbitrary because we have no fixed point of reference.
3. Contemporary art is any art produced in the period that began sometime after World War II, around the early 1950s.
Now, we’re getting a little more specific. However, there is general consensus that the general era of modern art ended around the late-1960s (in the United States). The term “post-modern” appeared around 1968 (in the United States) as a rejection and/or extension of the modern art aesthetic — the world had had enough of modern art, time to move on to something else.
4. Contemporary art is a broad collection of emerging movements from roughly 1970 to the present day.
I like this definition. It’s not too broad or arbitrary and it doesn’t pigeon-hole us into a narrow, overly specific categorization. After all, by definition most contemporary art is still being made, and it’s rather difficult and counter-productive to define these movements as they are ongoing. The critical eye of hindsight will no doubt invent all manner of movements and trends and assign them neatly to the era of contemporary art (much like the sub-classifications that we now have for modern art — post-impressionism, expressionism, cubism, dada, pop art, and the list goes on.). I think I can predict some of the contemporary art sub-classifications that future art historians will define for us: the Banksy school, the formaldehyders, the NYC neo-decorative movement, the i-school, me-art, etc, etc.
While a formal definition of contemporary art gets rather squishy when it comes to identifying a particular time period we do have some help from other factors. It is clear that contemporary art has emerged from two recent phenomena: economic globalization and the (new) media explosion. So, while the art being created today is very diverse, we do see that much of it (though not all) does carry a social meaning and may be created and distributed in any number of different media. Above all, it’s a great time to be a lover of art — contemporary art offers something for everyone.
Coming next, art251 Q2/251: What questions should I ask art gallery staff?